Active ingredient (AI)
The component of an agrochemical or pharmaceutical product that delivers the intended biological effect.
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Plain-English definitions of the shipping, quality, safety, finance and chemistry terms you’ll meet when buying chemicals in the UAE and across the GCC.
The component of an agrochemical or pharmaceutical product that delivers the intended biological effect.
International rules for moving dangerous goods by road (ADR) and by sea (IMDG Code), covering packing, labels and documents.
Transport document issued by an airline for air cargo; it acts as a receipt but is not a document of title.
Test result showing the percentage purity of the main substance in a batch, reported on the COA.
Unique code linking a quantity of product to its production run, test records and retained sample.
Document issued by the shipping line confirming cargo was loaded; an original B/L is a document of title.
Liquid chemicals moved unpacked in ISO tanks, flexitanks, road tankers or ship tanks rather than drums.
Chemical Abstracts Service registry number, a unique numeric identifier for a specific chemical substance.
Batch-specific document listing test parameters, methods, specification limits and actual results.
Document certifying the country where goods were made, used by customs and for preferential duty claims.
Incoterm where the seller pays freight to the destination port; risk passes to the buyer once goods are on board.
Incoterm like CFR, but the seller also buys minimum marine insurance cover for the buyer.
FCL means a full container used by one shipper; LCL means cargo shares container space with others.
Incoterm where the seller delivers to a named place, ready for unloading; the buyer handles import clearance and duty.
Incoterm where the seller delivers cleared and duty-paid goods to the buyer's named place.
Charge for keeping a container or vessel beyond the free time allowed at port.
Company that buys products, holds stock and resells them, taking title and commercial risk.
Standard 200-250 litre container; MS drums are mild steel, HDPE drums are high-density polyethylene.
Inactive substance in a medicine, such as a binder, filler or lubricant, that helps form and deliver the dose.
Incoterm where goods are made available at the seller's premises; the buyer arranges everything after that.
Flexible intermediate bulk container, a woven bag holding roughly 500-1,500 kg of powder or granules.
Lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapour to ignite; key for flammable classification.
Incoterm where the seller loads goods on the buyer's vessel at the named port; risk passes at that point.
Designated UAE area such as JAFZA, KEZAD or Hamriyah with special customs, ownership and tax rules.
Globally Harmonized System for classifying chemical hazards and communicating them through labels and SDS.
Good Manufacturing Practice, the quality standard for producing pharmaceuticals and related materials.
Quality level of a product, for example technical, industrial, pharma (IP/BP/USP) or food grade.
Harmonized System tariff code used by customs to classify goods and apply duty.
Intermediate bulk container, a caged plastic tote usually holding about 1,000 litres.
ICC rules that define who pays for and takes risk on transport, insurance and customs in a sale.
An order placed by a buyer with a manufacturer through an indenting agent, who earns a commission.
Chemical made as a step toward a final product, such as an aniline used to make a dye or pesticide.
Stainless-steel tank inside a container frame for shipping bulk liquids or liquefied gases.
Buyer identity and intended-use information requested for controlled or dual-use chemicals.
Time from order confirmation to dispatch or delivery, including production and shipping.
Bank undertaking to pay the seller once compliant shipping documents are presented.
Water content of a sample, often measured by Karl Fischer titration and reported on the COA.
Small molecule, such as styrene or VAM, that links with others to form a polymer.
Minimum order quantity a supplier will accept for a product or packing type.
Shipment document listing packages, contents, weights and marks for each consignment.
Large molecule made of repeating monomer units, sold as resins such as PE, PP, PET or PVC.
Preliminary invoice confirming price and terms before shipment, often used for advance payment or LC.
Proportion of the desired substance in a material, usually expressed as a percentage.
EU regulation on registration, evaluation and authorisation of chemicals, relevant for exports to Europe.
Portion of each batch kept by the supplier for retesting if a quality claim arises.
Sixteen-section document describing hazards, handling, storage, first aid and disposal of a chemical.
Liquid that dissolves other substances, such as toluene, IPA or ethyl acetate.
Agreed list of test parameters and limits that a product must meet.
Document with typical properties, applications and handling advice for a product.
Industrial purity level suitable for manufacturing, as opposed to pharma or food grade.
Release of cargo at destination without original bills of lading, once the shipper authorises it.
Tax Registration Number used for UAE value added tax on invoices and customs filings.
Direct bank wire payment, often split as advance and balance against documents.
Four-digit code assigned to dangerous goods for transport, e.g. UN1993 for flammable liquids n.o.s.
A liquid's resistance to flow, important for pumping, mixing and application.
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